Invertebrates
Elephant Hawk-moth
Deilephila elpenor · also called elephant hawk moth
Drawing in its head and inflating two large false eyespots, an elephant hawk-moth caterpillar transforms into a startling snake-like decoy at the first sign of danger, its tapering, trunk-like front end giving the species its name long before it ever becomes the vividly pink-and-olive adult moth.
Overview
The elephant hawk-moth, Deilephila elpenor, is a Least Concern insect native to forest edges and grassland habitat across Europe and parts of temperate Asia. Its trunk-like caterpillar, snake-mimicking defensive display, and vividly coloured adult form make it one of the more visually striking and behaviourally clever moths found across its range.
A caterpillar with two disguises in one
The elephant hawk-moth’s caterpillar carries off two separate tricks in a single body, resembling an elephant’s trunk at rest and transforming into a convincing snake impression the moment it feels threatened.
Status
Least Concern, remaining widespread across suitable forest edge and grassland habitat throughout Europe and parts of Asia.
Elephant Hawk-moth: common questions
Why is it called the elephant hawk-moth?
Its caterpillar has a tapering, trunk-like front end that resembles an elephant's trunk, a feature that gives the species its common name.
How does the elephant hawk-moth caterpillar defend itself?
When threatened, it draws in its head and inflates two large eyespots near the front of its body, creating a startling appearance that mimics a small snake and may deter predators.
What colour is the adult elephant hawk-moth?
It displays striking pink and olive-green wing colouring, among the more vividly coloured moths found within its range.
What does the elephant hawk-moth caterpillar eat?
It feeds mainly on willowherb and bedstraw plants, while the adult moth instead feeds on flower nectar.