Birds
Macaroni Penguin
Eudyptes chrysolophus · also called macaroni
Crowned with a vivid golden-yellow crest above each eye, a macaroni penguin remains one of the most numerous penguin species on Earth by sheer number, even as its population has fallen sharply across much of its sub-Antarctic breeding range in recent decades.
Overview
The macaroni penguin, Eudyptes chrysolophus, is a crested seabird native to ocean, coastal, and polar habitat across sub-Antarctic islands and the Southern Ocean. Its striking golden crest, status as one of the world’s most numerous penguin species, and concerning recent population decline make it one of the more ecologically significant seabirds found anywhere in the Southern Ocean.
Abundant, yet increasingly vulnerable
Despite still ranking among the most numerous penguins on the planet, the macaroni penguin’s steep recent decline shows that sheer population size offers no guarantee against the pressures reshaping the Southern Ocean, making it a species worth watching closely even while it remains common.
Status
Vulnerable, with populations declining significantly across much of its range in recent decades likely linked to changes in krill availability and ocean conditions.
Macaroni Penguin: common questions
Why is it called the macaroni penguin?
This species carries a distinctive golden-yellow crest of feathers above each eye, and the name is thought to reference an old fashion trend of extravagant plumed hats, applied playfully to the bird's own showy crest.
Is the macaroni penguin a common species?
Yes, this species is one of the most numerous penguin species in the world by total population, despite being far less well known to the public than more famous species such as the emperor or king penguin.
Why is the macaroni penguin considered Vulnerable if it is so numerous?
This species has experienced a significant population decline in recent decades even while remaining numerically abundant, likely linked to changes in krill availability and ocean conditions, a pattern that has drawn real conservation concern despite the large overall numbers.
How many chicks does a macaroni penguin usually raise?
This species typically lays two eggs per clutch, but under normal circumstances only the larger, second-laid egg usually survives to produce a single fledged chick each breeding season.