Mammals
Muntjac
Muntiacus reevesi · also called barking deer, Reeves's muntjac
Barking out a dog-like alarm call at the first sign of danger, a muntjac relies on small, visible tusks rather than its short antlers when it comes to fighting, one of the more primitive living deer and unusual for being able to breed at any time of year.
Overview
The muntjac, Muntiacus reevesi, is a small, primitive deer native to forest habitat across China and Taiwan, with introduced populations established in parts of Europe including the United Kingdom. Its distinctive tusk-based fighting style, dog-like barking alarm call, and unusual year-round breeding ability make it one of the most behaviourally and physically unusual deer species found anywhere in the world.
A deer that fights like something older
The muntjac’s small visible tusks hint at a more ancient deer lineage, a fighting strategy that predates the elaborate antler displays relied on by most modern deer species.
Status
Least Concern, with introduced populations in parts of Europe growing substantially alongside a stable native range across China and Taiwan.
Muntjac: common questions
Why is the muntjac called the barking deer?
This species is nicknamed the barking deer for its dog-like alarm call, a distinctive vocalisation used to warn of potential danger that can easily be mistaken for a dog barking.
How does the muntjac fight, if its antlers are so small?
This species has small, visible tusks, elongated canine teeth used in fighting rivals, relying on these tusks as much as or more than its short, simple antlers.
Does the muntjac have a specific breeding season?
No, this species can breed at any time of year, unlike most deer species, which are restricted to a specific seasonal rutting period.
Why is the muntjac considered a primitive deer?
This species is considered one of the more primitive living deer species, retaining physical and behavioural features believed to be closer to the ancestors of modern deer than those seen in more derived species.