Fish
Picasso Triggerfish
Rhinecanthus aculeatus · also called humuhumunukunukuapuaa, lagoon triggerfish
Blasting a jet of water at the sandy reef floor, a Picasso triggerfish uncovers a hidden meal, its bold, angular facial markings giving the species its name and, in Hawaii, a long traditional name of its own that has made it one of the island’s most beloved symbols.
Overview
The Picasso triggerfish, Rhinecanthus aculeatus, is native to ocean and coastal reef habitat across the Indo-Pacific region. Its bold, abstract-looking facial markings, status as Hawaii’s celebrated state fish, and clever water-jetting hunting technique make it one of the most culturally significant and visually distinctive fish found across Indo-Pacific reefs.
A reef fish that became an island icon
Few reef fish carry as much cultural weight as the Picasso triggerfish, whose long traditional Hawaiian name and striking appearance have turned an otherwise modestly sized reef dweller into one of the most recognisable symbols of the islands it calls home.
Status
Least Concern, remaining widespread across suitable reef habitat throughout the Indo-Pacific region.
Picasso Triggerfish: common questions
Why is it called the Picasso triggerfish?
Its bold, angular facial markings resemble an abstract painting, an appearance distinctive enough to inspire a comparison to the artist Pablo Picasso's style.
Why is the Picasso triggerfish important in Hawaii?
It is Hawaii's state fish, known locally as the humuhumunukunukuapuaa, a long traditional name that has made it a famous and celebrated symbol of the islands.
How does the Picasso triggerfish uncover hidden prey?
It can direct a jet of water at sand to uncover buried food, or use the same technique to flip over a sea urchin and reach its more vulnerable underside.
Where is the Picasso triggerfish found?
It is native to ocean and coastal reef habitat across the Indo-Pacific region.